CMF Chapter 2

 The Internet, Digital Media, and Media Convergence 



The Development of the Internet and the Web

A. The Birth of the Internet

a. Origination

-Originally the Internet originated as a military government project, with computer time-sharing as one of its goals.

-The Defense Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) came up with a solution to help researchers share computer processing time.

-The original Internet became known as ARPAnet, later nicknamed the Net.

-The Net enabled the military researchers and academic researchers to communicate on a network system.

-ARPAnet created a system of distributed wires where users could log onto a computer from multiple locations whenever they needed.

b. Purpose of E-mail

- E-mail would help researchers and military personal communicate better from separate locations.

-In 1971, Ray Tomlinson developed software to send electronic mail messages to any computer on the ARPAnet.

-The @ symbol was used to signify the location of the computer user

-Login name@host computer

-The Internet was primarily a tool used by universities, government research labs, and other corporations that used products like email to exchange e-mails.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level1lfo1">B. The Net Widens

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.25in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">a. First Signal of Net’s Marketability

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-First signal of Net’s marketability took place in 1971with the introduction of microprocessors.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Microprocessors are miniature circuits that process and store electronic signals.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-With the invention of microprocessors, companies were able to introduce the first personal computers (kind of like laptops). <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-After microprocessors were invented, next cam fiber-optic cable in the mid-1980s.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2.0in">-This became the standard for transmitting communication data at a speedy rate.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level1lfo1">C. The Commercialization of the Internet

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.25in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">a. The World Begins to Browse

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Browsers were software packages that helped people navigate the Web.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-In 1995, Microsoft introduced their new Web Browser called Internet Explorer.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Some Web browsers that are used today include:

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Google Chrome

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Firefox

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Apple’s Safari

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Netscape

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in">-Opera

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.75in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                         i.      World Wide Web

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-In the late 1980s, Time Berners-Lee designed the World Wide Web.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-The web allowed people to use it initially for a text data-linking system which allowed computer assed information to be link to or associated with other information on the Internet.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-Rather than just email and file transfers, people could now look up or for anything on the World Wide Web.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.75in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                       ii. Purpose of HTML

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-HTML (hypertext markup language) was used to create web pages and links.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-HTML and Web were used together to help people communicate more easily and in a more organized manner.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.25in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">b. Users Link In through Telephone and Cable Wires

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space:auto; text-indent:-1.75in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                         i.      Cyberspace

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2.0in">-In the first few years of the Internet, many people connected by connecting to “cyberspace”.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2.0in">-“Cyberspace” was when people connected to the Internet through telephone wires.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2.0in">-AOL (America Online) was one company that used this system through dial-up and the became one of the United State’s leading Internet Service Providers (ISP).

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.75in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                       ii. Broadband

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-Eventually, broadband Internet came along. Broadband is a type of connection where multimedia content can download more quickly.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-Users eventually moved away from dial-up services like AOL and switched to company’s that offered high-speed Internet.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto">-About 66% of all American households by 2012 had broadband connections compared to dial-up connections.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:.25in">-Today’s leading ISPs include:

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:.5in">-Verizon

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:.25in">-AT&T

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:.5in">-Comcast

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.75in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:.25in">-Time Warner Cable

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto; text-indent:.25in">-CenturyLink

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:.5in">-Charter

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space:auto; text-indent:.5in">-Cox

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. People Embrace Digital Communication

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -1.75in;">                                                                           i.       Digital Communication

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1;"> a.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">         People Embrace Digital Communication

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt;"> <span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">                                                                          i.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Digital Communication-

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 2.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 1.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Sounds, text or images are changed into electronic impulses represented by binary numbers and these numbers are   eventually converted into a very accurate reproduction of the image, sound or text

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt;"> <span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">                                                                        ii.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Email as Early Internet Service

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 2.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 1.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        E-mail was first form of digital communication before G-mail  and Yahoo and it had early success as well as some questions about its interchanges

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 2.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 2.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        In today’s modern digital era, all of the top e-mail sites (MSN, Yahoo, Google, all use advertisements in their messages

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt;"> <span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">                                                                      iii.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Instant Messaging

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 1.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Became part of our culture back in the late 1990s and included instant feedback from person to person and the ability to communicate with several people at once.

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 2.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Teenagers were first generation to utilize this form of communication.

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 3.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        It still remains as the easiest way to communicate back and forth online.

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1;"> b.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Search Engines:

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt;"> <span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">                                                                          i.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Search Engines and their use

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 2.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1;"> 1.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Made it easier and more simplified for users in that they just had to input a key word or phrase and they would get results that included webpages they could visit directly related to the key word or phrase they typed into the engine.

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">The Web Goes Social 

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2;"> A.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">      What Are Social Media?

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2;"> a.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">         Several Ways of Describing Social Media

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; text-indent: -1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt;"> <span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">                                                                          i.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Venue for Social Interaction:

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 2.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2;"> 1.<span style="font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">        Social media has become a place where people can share their information about their life, relationships and family happenings and tell stories about past events that have impacted their life in a positive way.

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -1.75in;">                                                                        ii. Multiplatform, participatory, and digital...an essential feature of truly democratic public life.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -1.75in;">                                                                       iii. Platforms that enable the interactive Web by engaging users to participate in, comment on, and create content as a means of communicating with their social group, other users, and the public.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px;"> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">B. Types of Social Media

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Blogs:  enables people to easily post their ideas to a web site. Blogs cantain articles or posts in chronological, journal-like form, often with reader comments and links to other sites.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. Collaborative Projects: users build something together, often using Wiki technology.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -1.75in;">                                                                           i. Wiki Web sites:  enable anyone to edit and contribute to them. Examples:  Wikitravel (global travel guide).

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">c. Content Communities

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">d. Social Networking Sites

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">e. Virtual Game Worlds and Virtual Social Worlds

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">C. Social Media and Democracy :

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Power of Social Media

<p class="MsoNormal"> <p class="MsoNormal">Convergence and Mobile Media

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">A. Media Converges on our PCs and TVs

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: 0.25in;">a. Video game systems and set-top boxes (ROKU, Apple TV, etc.)

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: 0.25in;"> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level1lfo1">1. B. Mobile Devices Propel Convergence

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">a. Blackberry in 2002

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                i. first popular internet-capable smartphone in the United States, introduced in 2002.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                              ii. Email

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">1. Earned the phones nickname “crackberry”

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">2. User’s ability to check email messages at any time

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">b. iPhone in 2007

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                i.      apps

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">1. Free & low cost software applications for iPhone’s, iPod Touch, etc.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">2. By 2012 over 750,000 apps were available

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                              ii. games and media

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                             iii. GPS

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">1. Able to access on your phone to find any place you need to go.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level1lfo1">2. C. The Impact of Media Convergence on Mobile Media

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">a. Growth of Mobile devices

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                i.      iPad

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">1. Able to catch up on the news

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">a. US Today

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">b. CBS News

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">2. You can watch any TV episode

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">a. The Voice

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">b. Glee

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">c. Top Chef

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">3. You can play games and have apps

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">a. Facebook

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">b. Twitter

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">c. Netflix

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">4. Have all you music downloaded on it

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                              ii. Kindle evolve

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">1. Able to access anything you want to read and will audio play for you

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">a. Read books

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">b. Newspapers

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level5lfo1">c. Magazines

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level2lfo1">b. Interactive Gaming Grows

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                i.      MMORPGs & Avatars

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                              ii. Gaming Consoles Become Media Centers

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                             iii. Economic Impact of Gaming

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level1lfo1">3. D. The Next Era: The Semantic Web

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-1.5in;mso-text-indent-alt:-9.0pt;mso-list:l0level3lfo1">                                                i. Semantic Web is not a separate Web but an extension of the current one, in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation’s.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space: auto;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">1. Web 3.0

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:2.0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0level4lfo1">2. Computer generated connections <p class="MsoNormal">The Economics and Issues of the Internet 

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">A. Ownership:  Controlling the Internet

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> a.       Telecommunications Act of 1996

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">             -The goal of this new law is to let anyone enter any communications business -- to let any communications business compete in any market against any other. This link will take you directly to the FCC website explaining the Act in it’s entirety.

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">             -Primary players: Google, Amazon, Apple, Facebook; control many of the top sites and are major influences on the Internet.

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom:13.0pt;mso-add-space:auto; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> b.      Global Village- Designed in California, Assembled in China

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:.5in;mso-add-space:auto;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"> -Explains the story behind Apple’s use of Chinese labor to manufacture their products.

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:.5in;mso-add-space:auto;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"> -Major issues were revealed at the plan (Foxconn)

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:.5in;mso-add-space:auto;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"> -Consider the ethical dilemma of having labor outsourced to other countries

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:.5in;mso-add-space:auto;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:70.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-52.0pt; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level1lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;color:#2C2C2C">i. Google

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -Controls 65% of the search market

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -Has opened several branches offering different services i.e. Gmail, Blogger, Chrome.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -Continues R&D to find newer technological tools

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -Competes with other primary tech. providers and social media sites i.e. Apple, Facebook GoogleVSApple

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:70.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-52.0pt; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level1lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;color:#2C2C2C">ii. Apple

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -Most valuable company in the world today.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -iPod & iTunes helped Apple become #1 music retailer

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    -Continuing innovation leads to further success and control in multiple aspects of technological services.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:70.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-52.0pt; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level1lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;color:#2C2C2C">iii. Amazon

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    Largest e-commerce store

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    Controls book sales through Kindle – e-books now outsell hardcover books

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    Has followed many of the ideas that Apple began using like Cloud applications and using content to sell devices.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:70.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-52.0pt; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level1lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;color:#2C2C2C">iv. Facebook

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    Largest social networking site

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    Has to face issues with privacy

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; line-height:115%;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l0level2lfo1;mso-layout-grid-align: none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:"CourierNew";mso-fareast-font-family:"CourierNew"; color:#2C2C2C">o    Though customers seem optimistic, Facebook’s future is uncertain.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:13.0pt;margin-left:70.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;mso-pagination:none; mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:13.0pt; margin-left:24.0pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace: none">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:13.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> B.     Targeted Advertising and Data Mining:

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> a.       Media Literacy and the Critical Process

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">          -Are search engines valuable for research?

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">             -Consider the fact that many search engines now reflect the biases of the companies that fund them

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">             - Many times the results do not accurately reflect various view and are ‘filtered’ to contain specific answers

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> b.      E-Commerce and its Effects

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">          -Buying and selling products and services online

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">          -People do not realize that their personal information may be used

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">             -Data mining-Collecting data from potential consumers

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">            -Targeted advertising- Utilizing collected data to present potential consumers with appropriate ads

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">             -Raises many privacy issues

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> c.       Opt-In and Opt-Out Policies

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">         -Requires sites to ask for permission before allowing personal browsing and history to be monitored.

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:13.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> C.     Security: The Challenge to Keep Personal Information Private

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> a.       Government Surveillance

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">          -Patriot Act- Grants the government power to view and track e-mail messages and browsing online.

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">          -Raises many concerns especially privacy and constitutionality

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> b.     Fraud

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">          -Issues involving credit theft, identity theft, phishing, hacking

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">            -Phishing- emails that appear to be official, requesting personal information.

<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"> <p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 13.0pt;margin-left:23.75pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-23.75pt;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none">

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">iv.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">D. Appropriateness:  What Should be Online?

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Children’s Internet Protection Act of 2000

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. “The Back Alleys”

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">E. Access:  The Fight to Prevent a Digital Divide:

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. 75% of Households have Internet

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">i. Age & Social Gaps

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. Ways the Divide is being fought

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">i. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">ii. Rising Smartphone Use

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">F. Net Neutrality: Maintaining an Open Internet

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Open Source Software

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">i. Linux

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. Digital Archiving

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">i. Open Content Alliance

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.5in;">ii. Internet Archive

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<p class="MsoNormal">The Internet and Democracy 

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">a. Telecommunication Act: The Increase of Commercialization

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 24px; text-indent: -0.25in;">b. Mass Customization

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<p class="MsoNormal">Chapter Review

<p class="MsoNormal">            A: Key Terms

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<p class="MsoNormal">References:  <p class="MsoNormal">

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